Business Studies class 12 chapter 6 questions and answers Staffing

Class 12 business studies chapter 6 ncert solutions: Staffing class 12 questions and answers

Textbook	Ncert
Class	Class 12
Subject	Business Studies
Chapter	Chapter 6
Chapter Name	Staffing class 12 ncert solutions
Category	Ncert Solutions
Medium	English

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Very Short Answer Type:

Question 1: What is meant by staffing?

Answer 1: Staffing refers to the process of acquiring, deploying, and retaining a workforce within an organization to ensure that it operates efficiently and effectively. It involves identifying human resource needs, recruiting suitable candidates, selecting the best individuals, training them for their roles, and ensuring their continuous development.

Staffing also includes workforce planning, performance management, and succession planning to maintain a well-balanced and competent team. Effective staffing ensures that an organization has the right number of employees with the necessary skills to meet its objectives and adapt to changing business environments.

Question 2: State the two important sources of recruitment.

Answer 2: There are two sources of recruitment:-

• Internal: It proceeds through transfer and promotion
• External: It proceeds through direct recruitment, campus recruitment, advertisement etc.

Question 3: The workers of a factory are unable to work on new machines and always demand for help of supervisor. The Supervisor is overburdened with their frequent calls. Suggest the remedy. ( Hint: training)

Answer 3: This situation can be controlled by providing the workers with proper training regarding the use of machines. It will increase their confidence and skill set. It will also result in faster working with no delay in performing the task.

Question 4: The quality of production is not as per standards. On investigation it was observed that most of the workers were not fully aware of the proper operation of the machinery. What could be the way to improve the quality of production to meet the standards? (training).

Answer 4: The workers can be provided on-the-job training such as apprenticeship training. The employees can be put under a trained or skilled worker who would guide them the proper use of the machinery.

The employees can work under the trained or skilled worker for a pre-defined amount of time and then gradually move to do the task themselves under the supervision of the trained or skilled workers. Once the employees complete the training they would be able to work with greater accuracy and efficiency.

Question 5: The workers of a factory remain idle because of lack of knowledge of hitech machines. Frequent visit of engineer is made which causes high overhead charges. How can this problem be removed. (vestibule training)

Answer 5: This kind of problem is dealt with by providing workers with proper training. These workers can be provided vestibule training which will reduce the frequent visits of the engineer. Vestibule training is the kind of training where the workers are made to practise on dummy machines, which are models of industrial equipment that the workers need to work on. Once they gain adequate exposure, the workers can be shifted to the factory to perform the work.

Short Answer Type:

Question 1: What is meant by recruitment? How is it different from selection?

Answer 1: Recruitment refers to the process of finding possible candidates for a job. It can be defined as the process of motivating and encouraging people to come and apply for a job in an organisation.

Selection is the process of identifying and choosing the best person out of a number of prospective candidates for a job. If recruitment is positive, selection is negative. Recruitment helps in creating a pool of prospective workforce whereas selection helps in finding the best out of them.

Question 2: An organisation provides security services. It requires such candidates who are reliable and don’t leak out the secrets of their clients. What steps should be incorporated in selection process?

Answer 2: Reference Check or History Check should be incorporated in the selection process. The previous employer should be contacted to know about the moral details of the person and if any such thing happened or not. However they must be warned of stern actions if they are proved guilty.

Question 3: A company is manufacturing paper plates and bowls. It produces 1,00,000 plates and bowls each day. Due to local festival, it got an urgent order of extra 50,000 plates and bowls. Explain the method of recruitment that the company should adopt in the given circumstances to meet the order.

Answer 3: To meet the order company should adopt the “labour contractors’ in the given circumstances. This is because the production of paper plates and bowls requires low skilled workers or labourers which can be fulfilled by labour contractors. Labour contractors maintain a close contact with labourers and other workers and provide the right number of workers available at short notice.

Question 4: Distinguish between training and development.

Answer 4:

Aspect	Training	Development
Definition	Training is a process of equipping employees with specific skills and knowledge required for their current job.	Development focuses on overall growth, preparing employees for future roles and responsibilities.
Purpose	To improve job-specific skills and efficiency.	To enhance overall abilities, leadership skills, and career progression.
Focus	Short-term, job-related skills.	Long-term, career and personal growth.
Scope	Narrow, focused on a particular job or task.	Broader, including personality development and future competencies.
Method	Workshops, on-the-job training, technical courses.	Coaching, mentoring, job rotation, leadership programs.
Beneficiaries	New or existing employees needing skill enhancement.	Employees seeking career advancement and leadership roles.

Question 5: Why are internal sources of recruitment considered to be more economical?

Answer 5: Filling of jobs internally is cheaper as compared to getting candidates from external sources because no time and money has to be spent on the advertisement of vacancies and that too internally. It does not involve the long process of staffing or selection and it also needs to be understood that internal recruitment is very expensive sometimes.

Question 6: ‘ No organisation can be successful unless it fills and keeps the various positions filled with the right kind of people for the right job.’ Elucidate

Answer 6: For an organisation to run successfully it needs to have all type of skilled persons assigned to that portion of the job. Different people have different type of skills. If the type of job and their skills doesn’t match then the work can’t be done successfully. So the organisation should assign those jobs to the persons who have that particular skill. In this way the productivity will be good and the organisation will run smoothly and efficiently.

Long Answer Type:

Question 1: ‘Human resource management includes many specialized activities and duties.’ Explain.

Answer 1: Human resource is one of the essential functions of management which is involved with the hiring, development and management of resources in the form of humans for the organisation. It performs a lot of activities which includes determining the demand for recruiting, preparing plans for recruiting, conducting recruitment, selecting the best candidates, rolling out offer letter, inducting employees to the organisation, imparting training and development and finally, acting as support for employee grievances.

The following points will explain the activities that are performed by human resources:

• 1. Human resource planning
• 2. Recruiting the candidates (the process of finding candidates for jobs)
• 3. Determine the job and its specific requirements and perform research and analysis to prepare the correct job description.
• 4. Conduct training and development programmes for the newly joined employees as well as refresher programmes for existing employees.
• 5. Conduct performance appraisals for the employees on a quarterly/half-yearly/yearly basis.
• 6. Maintaining good relations with labours and paying attention to the labour union demands.
• 7. Act as the point of contact for handling employee complaints and grievances.
• 8. Assist in providing schemes for the welfare of employees.
• 9. Representing the company in various lawsuits and finding ways to prevent legal complications.

Question 2: Explain the procedure for selection of employees.

Answer 2: The important steps in the process of selection are as follows

• (i) Preliminary Screening It helps the manager eliminate unqualified or unfit job seekers based on the information supplied in the application forms.
• (ii) Selection Tests An employment test is a mechanism that attempts to measure certain characteristics of individuals. These range from aptitudes, such as manual dexterity, to intelligence to personality.
• (iii) Employment Interview Interview is a formal, in depth conversation conducted to evaluate the applicant’s suitability for the job.
• (iv) Reference and Background Checks Many employers request names, addresses and telephone numbers of references for the purpose of verifying information and gaining additional on an applicant.
• (v) Selection Decision The final decision has to be made among the candidates who pass the tests, interviews and reference checks.
• (vi) Medical Examination Before the candidate is given a job offer he/she is required to go through a medical test.
• (vii) Job Offer Job offer is made through a letter of appointment/confirm his acceptance. Such a letter generally contains a date by which the appointee must report on duty.
• (viii) Contract of Employment After the job offer has been made and candidate accepts the offer, certain documents need to be executed by the employer and the candidate. There is also a need for preparing a contract of employment. It includes job title, duties, responsibilities, date when continuous employment starts etc.

Question 3: What are the advantages of training to the individual and to the organisation?

Answer 3: Advantages of Training to the Individual and the Organization

1. Advantages to the Individual (Employee)

• Skill Enhancement – Improves technical and soft skills, making employees more competent.
• Increased Productivity – Enhances efficiency and performance in tasks.
• Career Growth – Provides opportunities for promotions and career advancement.
• Job Satisfaction – Boosts confidence and motivation, leading to higher job satisfaction.
• Adaptability – Helps employees adjust to new technologies and changing job roles.

2. Advantages to the Organization

• Higher Efficiency – Well-trained employees complete tasks faster and with fewer errors.
• Improved Quality of Work – Leads to better products and services.
• Employee Retention – Reduces turnover by increasing job satisfaction and engagement.
• Innovation and Growth – Encourages creative problem-solving and innovation.
• Competitive Advantage – Strengthens the organization’s position in the market through a skilled workforce.

Question 4: Kaul Consultants have launched www.naukaripao.com exclusively for senior management professionals. The portal lists out senior level jobs and ensures that the job is genuine through rigorous screening process.
a. State the source of recruitment highlighted in the case above.
b. State four benefits of the above identified source of recruitment.

Answer 4: a) The source of recruitment highlighted in the case above is external source of recruitment. The consultants have launched a website and advertised for their posts.

b) The benefits of the external source of recruitment are as follows:

• Quality talent– By advertising for such senior level jobs, the company will be able to attract the skilful people who have experiences in this field.
• Wider Choice– When vacancies are advertised widely, it attracts a large number of applicants all over the place. So they can get the best skilful people from a wide area.
• Fresh Talent– This will enable the organisation to select best talented staffs for their jobs not merely depending on the existing staffs.
• Competitive Spirit– When fresh talents are being selected as new employees, the existing staff will compete even harder with the new talents to prove their worth. It will increase the productivity of the organisation.

Question 5: A company, Xylo limited, is setting up a new plant in India for manufacturing auto components. India is a highly competitive and cost effective production base in this sector. Many reputed car manufacturers source their auto components from here. Xylo limited is planning to capture about 40% of the market share in India and also export to the tune of at least ` 50 crores in about 2 years of its planned operations. To achieve these targets it requires a highly trained and motivated work force. You have been retained by the company to advise it in this matter. While giving answers keep in mind the sector the company is operating.
Questions:
a. Outline the process of staffing the company should follow.
b. Which sources of recruitment the company should rely upon. Give reasons for your ecommendation.
c. Outline the process of selection the company should follow with reasons.

Answer 5: a. The staffing process the company should follow:

1. Manpower Planning: Determine the number and type of employees required for the new plant based on production goals and market demand.
2. Recruitment: Attract potential candidates through various sources to fill the required positions.
3. Selection: Screen and assess candidates through a rigorous selection process to hire the most suitable employees.
4. Onboarding & Orientation: Introduce new employees to the company’s culture, policies, and work environment for smooth integration.
5. Training & Development: Provide technical and soft skills training to enhance efficiency and productivity.
6. Performance Appraisal: Evaluate employee performance against predefined standards and provide feedback.
7. Career Growth & Promotions: Identify high-performing employees and provide growth opportunities.
8. Compensation & Benefits: Offer competitive salaries, incentives, and benefits to retain and motivate employees.

b. Recommended sources of recruitment and reasons:

The company should rely on both internal and external sources for recruitment:

1. External Recruitment:
   • Job Portals & Recruitment Agencies: To attract skilled professionals with prior experience in the auto components sector.
   • Campus Recruitment: Hiring fresh graduates from engineering and technical institutes will help build a strong, young workforce.
   • Local Hiring: Recruiting local talent will help in better workforce availability and reduce relocation costs.
   • Employee Referrals: Encouraging current employees to refer skilled candidates ensures reliable and cost-effective hiring.
2. Internal Recruitment:
   • Transfers & Promotions: Transferring skilled employees from other locations or departments can save time in training and hiring.

Reason: Since Xylo Limited is setting up a new plant, external recruitment is crucial to bring in skilled workers with technical expertise, while internal recruitment helps in retaining experienced employees and maintaining stability.

c. Selection process the company should follow:

1. Application Screening: Review resumes and applications to shortlist candidates matching job requirements.
2. Written/Technical Tests: Conduct aptitude, technical, and job-specific tests to evaluate candidates’ skills.
3. Group Discussion (if applicable): Assess communication, teamwork, and problem-solving abilities, especially for managerial roles.
4. Personal Interview: Conduct face-to-face interviews to evaluate candidates’ technical knowledge, experience, and suitability for the job.
5. Reference & Background Check: Verify employment history and references to ensure credibility.
6. Medical Examination: Ensure candidates are medically fit for physically demanding roles in the manufacturing sector.
7. Final Selection & Job Offer: Issue appointment letters and employment contracts to successful candidates.

Reason: The selection process should be rigorous to ensure that Xylo Limited hires a highly skilled and motivated workforce capable of achieving its production and export targets.

Question 6: A major insurance company handled all recruiting, screening and training processes for data entry/customer service representatives. Their competitor was attracting most of the qualified, potential employees in their market. Recruiting was made even more difficult by the strong economy and the ‘jobseeker’s market.’ This resulted in the client having to choose from candidates who had the ‘soft’ skills needed for the job, but lacked the proper ‘hard’ skills and training.
Questions
a. As an HR manager what problems do you see in the company?
b. How do you think it can be resolved and what would be its impact on the company?

Answer 6: (a) The human resource manager may face the following problems:
(i) Lack of skilled manpower
(ii) Lack of ample personnel to provide customer services.
(iii) Disorganised maintenance of data.

(b) These problems can be resolved by taking following steps:
(i) If these steps are followed then the employee will perform according to the company’s expectations. The profit of the organisation eventually increases if its efficiency and productively increases.
(ii) Provision of incentive based schemes.
(iii) Usefuldata base should be maintained by the company in order to provide efficient services.
(iv) Training of the personnel to be given properly.

Question 7: Ms. Jayshree recently completed her Post Graduate Diploma in Human Resource Management. A few months from now a large steel manufacturing company appointed her as its human resource manager. As of now, the company employs 800 persons and has an expansion plan in hand which may require another 200 persons for various types of additional requirements. Ms. Jayshree has been given complete charge of the company’s Human Resource Department.
Questions
a. Point out, what functions is she supposed to perform?
b. What problems do you foresee in her job?
c. What steps is she going to take to perform her job efficiently?
d. How significant is her role in the organisation?

Answer 7: a) Ms. Jayshree has to perform the following actions-

• Prepare Job description
• Recruitment
• Arranging training programmes
• Providing good initiatives
• Managing the whole work of the organisation.

b) The problems that may occur are as follows:-

• Unavailability of good skilled workers
• Demand of the workers may rise up.
• Salary demand may increase
• Some workers may leave the organisation after some time.

c) Steps that she should take to perform the job effectively:-

• She should look for all possible sources of recruitment
• She should make attractive salary, policies and initiatives.
• She should consult the experts and look towards the policies of her rival organisation.
• She should instruct her subordinates to interact and help the new employee.

d) Ms. Jayshree is the Human Resource Manager of her company. It is her responsibility to see that the business expands and profit increase. She should also look forward to achieve all the goals and set new policies and targets. It is also her responsibility to maintain a healthy working environment in her organisation.