Class 12 Geography chapter 1 ncert solutions: Population Distribution Density Growth and Composition question answer
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Geography |
| Chapter | Chapter 1 |
| Chapter Name | Population Distribution Density Growth and Composition ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for class 12 geography chapter 1 question answer? Now you can download Population Distribution Density Growth and Composition question answer pdf from here.
Question 1: Choose the right answers of the followings from the given options.
Question 1.(i): India’s population as per 2011 census is:
(a) 1028 million
(b) 3182 million
(c) 3287 million
(d) 1210 million
Answer 1.(i): (d) 1210 million
Question 1.(ii): Which one of the following states has the highest density of population in India?
(a) West Bengal
(b) Kerala
(c) Uttar Pradesh
(d) Bihar
Answer 1.(ii): (d) Bihar
Question 1.(iii): Which one of the following states has the highest proportion of urban population in India according to 2011 Census?
(a) Tamil Nadu
(b) Maharashtra
(c) Kerala
(d) Goa
Answer 1.(iii): (a) Tamil Nadu
Question 1.(iv): Which one of the following is the largest linguistic group of India?
(a) Sino – Tibetan
(b) Indo – Aryan
(c) Austric
(d) Dravidian
Answer 1.(iv): (b) Indo–Aryan
Question 2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
Question 2.(i): Very hot and dry and very cold and wet regions of India have low density of population. In this light, explain the role of climate on the distribution of population.
Answer 2.(i): People tend to concentrate in areas with moderate climatic conditions, that is areas that are neither too hot nor too dry and also with adequate precipitation to support life activities. The extremities of climate tend to push people away from the region and make the region less attractive for human inhabitation.
In India western Rajasthan, which is characterized by high temperatures and dry conditions, is one of the least inhabited regions. The population density tends to be high in Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar etc. because these regions have moderate temperature conditions with adequate precipitation therefore making the region conducive for population concentration.
Question 2.(ii): Which states have large rural population in India? Give one reason for such large rural population.
Answer 2.(ii): The states like Bihar and Sikkim have very high percentage of rural population. The reason is both states Bihar and Sikkim are highly dependent on agriculture for their livelihood.
Question 2.(iii): Why do some states of India have higher rates of work participation than others?
Answer 2.(iii): Some states like Himachal Pradesh and Nagaland have a high percentage of workers engaged in agriculture. Therefore, work participation is more in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Farmers depend on Agro-based occupations, but now the dependence on an agricultural activities is increasing.
Question 2.(iv): ‘The agricultural sector has the largest share of Indian workers.’ – Explain.
Answer 2.(iv): The agricultural sector has the largest share of Indian workers:
- About 58.2% of the total working population are cultivators and agricultural labourers.
- Hence, it show that large population engaged in agricultural sector rather than secondary sector and tertiary sector.
- Primary sector has potential to absorbed maximum number of the working population.
Question 3: Answer the following questions in not more than 150 words.
Question 3.(i): Discuss the spatial pattern of density of population in India.
Answer 3.(i): Spatial Pattern of Density of Population in India: The spatial pattern of population density in India is highly varied and reflects the interplay of geographic, economic, social, and cultural factors. Population density is defined as the number of people per square kilometer and is calculated by dividing the total population by the total land area.
1. High-Density Areas: The regions with high population density, exceeding 1,000 persons per square kilometer, include:
- Indo-Gangetic Plains: States such as Bihar, West Bengal, and Uttar Pradesh exhibit high population densities due to fertile land, availability of water resources, and favorable climate for agriculture.
- Urban Areas: Metropolitan cities like Mumbai, Delhi, and Kolkata have extremely high densities driven by industrialization, job opportunities, and infrastructure.
2. Moderate-Density Areas: Regions with densities ranging from 400 to 1,000 persons per square kilometer include:
- Southern States: Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh have moderate densities due to balanced agricultural and industrial development. Kerala, for instance, benefits from good healthcare and education, contributing to a balanced population distribution.
- Central India: Madhya Pradesh and parts of Maharashtra fall into this category due to mixed agricultural and industrial economies.
3. Low-Density Areas: Regions with population densities below 400 persons per square kilometer include:
- Mountainous Regions: States like Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and the union territory of Ladakh have low densities due to rugged terrain, harsh climates, and limited connectivity.
- Desert Areas: The Thar Desert in Rajasthan supports low population densities due to arid conditions and water scarcity.
- Forested and Tribal Areas: States like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, and the northeastern states (e.g., Arunachal Pradesh) have low densities because of dense forests and tribal populations that prefer dispersed settlements.
Factors Influencing Population Density
- Physical Factors: Fertile plains, river systems, and favorable climates attract high densities, whereas mountains, deserts, and forests deter dense settlement.
- Economic Factors: Industrial belts and areas with good infrastructure encourage higher densities.
- Social and Cultural Factors: Historical settlements and cultural significance play a role in high densities in some areas.
Question 3.(ii): Give an account of the occupational structure of India’s population.
Answer 3.(ii): The occupational structure of India’s population:
- Being an agriculture-based country, India has about 56% of its population engaged in agriculture and allied activities.
- In India, the primary sector has a larger proportion of working population as compared to the secondary and the tertiary sectors.
- Other major occupations include manufacturing, trade, services, etc.
- The entire occupational structure composes of 54.6% of cultivators and agricultural labourers, 41.6% workers engaged in manufacturing, trade, commerce, construction, etc. and 3.8% of workers in household activities.
- Though the males outnumber the females in the work areas in India, but the female workers have witnessed a surge in their numbers in the primary sector.