Class 12 Geography chapter 7 ncert solutions: Transport and Communication class 12 questions and answers
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 12 |
| Subject | Geography |
| Chapter | Chapter 7 |
| Chapter Name | Transport and Communication ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for class 12 geography chapter 7 question answer? Now you can download Transport and Communication question answer pdf from here.
Question 1: Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below
Question 1.(i): In how many zones has the Indian Railways system been divided?
(a) 9
(b) 12
(c) 16
(d) 14
Answer 1.(i): (c) 16
Question 1.(ii): On which river and between which two places does the National Water Way No. 1 lie?
(a) The Brahmaputra, Sadiya-Dhubri
(b) The Ganga, Haldia-Allahabad
(c) West Coast Canal, Kottapuram to Kollam
Answer 1.(ii): (b) The Ganga, Haldia-Allahabad
Question 1.(iii): In which of the following year, the first radio programme was broadcast?
(a) 1911
(b).1936
(c) 1927
(d) 1923
Answer 1.(iii): (d) 1923
Question 2: Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
Question 2.(i): Which activity does transportation convey? Name three major modes of transportation.
Answer 2.(i): Transport conveys the basic activity of mobility. Mobility is a basic need of humans which helps in trade and other activities. Transport is instrumental in bringing out about increased mobility. The three major modes of transportation are land, water and air. Land includes roadway, railway and ropeway.
Question 2.(ii): Discuss advantages and disadvantages of pipeline transportation.
Answer 2.(ii):
Advantages of Pipeline Transportation:
- Efficiency: Provides a continuous and efficient mode of transport for liquids and gases.
- Cost-Effective: Low operational and maintenance costs compared to road or rail transport.
- Safety: Reduces risks of spillage and accidents compared to tanker transport.
- Environmental Impact: Minimal environmental disruption once installed.
- Reliability: Unaffected by weather, providing consistent service.
Disadvantages of Pipeline Transportation:
- High Initial Cost: Expensive to construct and install pipelines over long distances.
- Limited Flexibility: Fixed routes; cannot adapt to changes in supply or demand locations.
- Leak Risks: Undetected leaks can cause environmental damage.
- Maintenance Challenges: Difficult to inspect and repair underground or underwater pipelines.
- Resource-Specific: Primarily suited for liquids and gases, limiting versatility.
Question 2.(iii): What do you mean by ‘communication’?
Answer 2.(iii): Communication is the transmission of facts, words, and information using various means of communication. It is disseminating of ideas, facts, information, and knowledge through writing, words. Communication has been present since the very initial stages of human development.
Earlier there were primitive means of communication like the beating of drums, sparrows, etc. Now with the communication revolution modem methods of communication like the Internet, mobile telephony is widespread and have made communication over long distances easier and faster.
Question 3: Answer the following questions in not more than 150 words.
Question 3.(i):Which are the chief means of transportation in India? Discuss the factors affecting their development.
Answer 3.(i): The main means of transportation on land, water and air are : (a) Railways, (b) Roadways, (c) Airways, (d) Waterways and (e) Pipelines.
The following factors affect the development of means of transport in India :
- Physical factors. Railways and Roadways have developed in the Northern plains. The hilly areas have sparse railways as in Assam and Himalayas.
- Economic factors. Railways and Roads connect industrial commercial towns and ports: Rajasthan due to low economic development has less railways.
- Political factors. The British policy was to exploit Indian resources. So ports were connected with hinterlands.
Question 3.(ii): Give a detailed account of the development of railways in India and highlight their importance.
Answer 3.(ii): Indian railways network is one of the longest in the world. It facilitates the movement of both freight and passengers and contributes to the growth of the economy. Indian Railway was introduced in 1853 when a line was constructed from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 34 km.
It is the largest government undertaking in the country. Its network length is 63,221 km. It’s very large size puts lots of pressure on a centralized railway management system. Thus, in India, the railway system has been divided into sixteen zones. Indian Railways has launched an extensive programme to convert the metre and narrow gauges to broad gauge. Moreover, steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electric engines. This step has increased the speed as well as the haulage capacity.
The replacement of steam engines run by coal has also improved the environment of the stations. Metro rail has revolutionized the urban transport system in Kolkata and Delhi. Replacement of diesel buses by CNG run vehicles along with the introduction of the metro is a welcome step towards controlling the air pollution in urban centres.
Areas around towns, raw material producing areas and of plantations and other commercial crops, hill stations and cantonment towns were well-connected by railways from the British colonial era. These were mostly developed for the exploitation of resources. After the Independence of the country, railway routes have been extended to other areas too. The most significant development has been the development of the Konkan Railway along the western coast providing a direct link between Mumbai and Mangalore.
The railway continues to remain the main means of transport for the masses. The Railway network is relatively less dense in the hill states, north eastern states, central parts of India and Rajasthan.
Question 3.(iii): Describe the role of roads in the economic development of India.
Answer 3.(iii): The role of roads in the economic development of India:
- Roads supplement the ports and airways.
- Road transport is relatively suitable for shorter distance travel.
- Construction cost and maintenance of roads is cheap.
- Roads can traverse comparatively more dissected and undulating topography.
- Road transport also supplements the other modes of transportation.
- Perishable commodities like vegetables, fruits and milk are transported more easily and quickly by roads than by railways.