Judiciary class 8 questions and answers: Class 8 Political Science chapter 4 question answer
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Civics |
| Chapter | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter Name | Judiciary class 8 ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for Class 8 Civics chapter 4 question answer? Now you can download Judiciary class 8 questions and answers pdf from here.
Question 1: You read that one of the main functions of the judiciary is ‘upholding the law and Enforcing Fundamental Rights’. Why do you think an independent judiciary is necessary to carry out this important function?
Answer 1: An independent judiciary is necessary to carry out the function of ‘upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights’. It intends to shield the judicial process from external influences and provide full legal protection to all individuals going to court for whatever reason.
Anyone can approach the courts if they believe that their rights have been violated. If any law passed by the Parliament violates anyone’s Fundamental Rights, the judiciary has the power to declare such law null and void.
Question 2: Re-read the list of Fundamental Rights provided in Chapter 1. How do you think the Right to Constitutional Remedies connects to the idea of judicial review?
Answer 2: Judicial review of court decisions is carried out when the judgment given by a court violates any constitutional provision. In the Constitution, every citizen has equal rights and none can be discriminated against. If there is any violation, the judiciary is free to review the earlier judgments even by’ the Supreme Court.
Question 3: In the following illustration, fill in each tier with the judgments given by the various courts in the Sudha Goel case. Check your responses with others in class.
Answer 3: Lower Court (Trial Court): Laxman, his mother Shakuntala and his brother-in-law Subhash Chandra were sentenced to death.
High Court: Laxman, Shakuntala and Subhash Chandra were acquitted.
Supreme Court: Laxman and Shakuntala were given life imprisonment, while Subhash Chandra was acquitted for lack of sufficient evidence.
Question 4: Keeping the Sudha Goel case in mind, tick the sentences that are true and correct the ones that are false.
(a) The accused took the case to the High Court because they were unhappy with the decision of the Trial Court.
(b) They went to the High Court after the Supreme Court had given its decision.
(c) If they do not like the Supreme Court verdict, the accused can go back again to the Trial Court.
Answer 4:
- (a) True – The accused appealed to the High Court because they were not satisfied with the decision of the Trial Court.
- (b) False – The accused went to the High Court after the Trial Court’s decision, not after the Supreme Court’s verdict.
- (c) False – Once the Supreme Court has given its final verdict, the accused cannot go back to the Trial Court.
Question 5: Why do you think the introduction of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s is a significant step in ensuring access to justice for all?
Answer 5: Since filing lawsuit in the courts was exceedingly expensive before the 1980s, the establishment of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the 1980s was a key step in improving access to justice for all. The illiterate and underprivileged cannot afford to seek justice in India for exploitation or violations of their basic human and fundamental rights.
People have been able to file cases with the Supreme Court or the High Courts by sending a letter or telegram since the 1980s. Without investing any money, the courts accept it as a PIL (Public Interest Litigation).
Question 6: Re-read excerpts from the judgment on the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case. Now write in your own words what the judges meant when they said that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life.
Answer 6: In the Olga Tellis vs Bombay Municipal Corporation case, the judges stated that the Right to Livelihood was part of the Right to Life. They stated that life does not merely mean an animal’s existence; it cannot be lived without a means of livelihood. In the above-mentioned case, people were poor and lived in slums; they had small jobs and no other place to live.
For them, eviction from their slum means deprivation of their livelihood, which consequently means deprivation of life. This is how judges connected the right to life to the basic requirements of any livelihood, i.e. Food, Clothes and shelter.
Question 7: Write a story around the theme, ‘Justice delayed is justice denied’
Answer 7: The delay in giving justice amounts to a negation of the principle of justice.
A story around the theme runs like this:
Gopal took a loan of Rs. 1,00,000 from a moneylender for the marriage of his daughter. As he was coming back, a thief snatched the bag of money from him. He screamed and luckily the people in the locality helped him to take his bag from the thief. However, the bag first went to the police custody and the case took a long time in the court so that Gopal could not get the money on time and the marriage of his daughter was cancelled and he was also mentally harassed. Hence, it is true to say “Justice delayed is justice denied.”
Question 8: Make sentences with each of the glossary words given on the next page.
- a. Acquit
- b. To appeal
- c. Compensation
- d. Eviction
- e. Violation
Answer 8: Here are sentences using each of the glossary words:
- a. Acquit – The court decided to acquit the accused due to a lack of evidence against him.
- b. To appeal – After losing the case in the lower court, the lawyer decided to appeal to the High Court for a review.
- c. Compensation – The company was ordered to pay compensation to the workers for the injuries they suffered in the factory accident.
- d. Eviction – The tenants faced eviction after they failed to pay rent for several months.
- e. Violation – Dumping toxic waste in the river is a serious violation of environmental laws.
Question 9: The following is a poster made by the Right to Food campaign.
Read this poster and list the duties of the government to uphold the Right to Food.
How does the phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” used in the poster relate to the photo essay on the Right to Food on page 55?
Answer 9: Duties of the Government to Uphold the Right to Food (from the poster):
- Ensure that all persons get food.
- Prevent anyone from dying of hunger.
- Provide food security to vulnerable groups such as children, widows, elderly, and disabled individuals.
- Take responsibility for deaths caused by starvation or food insecurity.
- To provide mid-day meals to the poor-children in the school.
The phrase “Hungry stomachs, overflowing godowns! We will not accept it!!” from the Right to Food poster directly relates to the photo essay on page 55, which discusses the People’s Union for Civil Liberties (PUCL) filing a PIL in the Supreme Court. The PIL argued that despite widespread hunger due to drought in Rajasthan and Orissa in 2001, government godowns were full of grain, often going to waste. The Supreme Court recognized the Right to Food as part of the Right to Life under Article 21 of the Constitution and directed the government to take action, including providing mid-day meals in schools and making food more accessible.
The phrase captures this contradiction—while people are starving, food is available but not reaching them due to poor distribution and government inaction. It reflects the demand for food justice and accountability, emphasizing that hunger should not exist when there is enough food to feed everyone.