Ncert Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3: Agriculture class 8 questions and answers
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Geography |
| Chapter | Chapter 3 |
| Chapter Name | Agriculture ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for Class 8 Geography Chapter 3 question answer? Now you can download Agriculture Class 8 questions and answers pdf from here.
Question 1: Answer the following questions.
(i) What is agriculture?
(ii) Name the factors influencing agriculture?
(iii) What is shifting cultivation? What are its disadvantages?
(iv) What is plantation agriculture?
(v) Name the fibre crops and name the climatic conditions required for their growth.
Answer 1: (i) What is agriculture?
Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and rearing animals for food, fiber, medicinal plants, and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.
(ii) Name the factors influencing agriculture.
(ii) Factors influencing agriculture include the topography of soil and climate.
(iii) What is shifting cultivation? What are its disadvantages?
Shifting cultivation is a form of subsistence farming where land is cleared by cutting and burning vegetation, crops are grown for a few years, and then the land is abandoned to regain fertility.
Disadvantages of shifting cultivation:
- Leads to deforestation and loss of biodiversity.
- Reduces soil fertility over time.
- Causes soil erosion due to frequent clearing of land.
- Produces low agricultural yield, making it unsustainable for large populations.
(iv) What is plantation agriculture?
Plantation agriculture is a kind of commercial farming that focuses on a single crop, such as tea, coffee, sugarcane, cashew, rubber, bananas, or cotton. This form of farming necessitates a significant amount of labour and capital. The fruits and vegetables are prepared on the farm or in adjacent companies. Major plantations, such as rubber in Malaysia, coffee in Brazil and tea in India, are found in tropical regions of the world.
(v) Name the fibre crops and name the climatic conditions required for their growth.
Jute and Cotton are fibre crops. The climatic conditions necessary for the growth of jute are high temperature, heavy rainfall and high humidity. Similarly, for the growth of cotton, high temperature, light rainfall, and bright sunshine are required.
Question 2: Tick the correct Answer.
(i) Horticulture means
(a) growing of fruits and vegetables
(b) primitive farming
(c) growing of wheat
Answer 2: (a) Growing of fruits and vegetables
Question 2: (ii) Golden fiber refers to
(a) tea
(b) cotton
(c) jute
Answer 2: (c) Jute
Question 2: (iii) Leading producers of coffee
(a) Brazil
(b) India
(c) Russia
Answer 2: (a) Brazil
Question 3: Give reasons.
(i) In India agriculture is a primary activity.
Answer 3: Agriculture is a primary activity in India. More than 75% of India’s population is living in villages and two-thirds of India’s population is still dependent on agriculture. Agriculture provides raw material to many industries. It is the base of Indian economy. It has an important role in GDP.
Question 3: Give reasons.
(ii) Different crops are grown in different regions.
Answer 3: Different crops are grown in different regions because growing the crops depends on factors such as favourable topography of soil, the demand for produce, type of climate, amount of rainfall, technology and labour.
Question 4: . Distinguish between the followings.
(i) Primary activites and tertiary activities
Answer 4: (i) Primary Activities and Tertiary Activities
| Aspect | Primary Activities | Tertiary Activities |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Activities that involve the extraction and production of natural resources. | Activities that provide services to support the distribution and consumption of goods. |
| Examples | Farming, fishing, mining, forestry, animal husbandry. | Retail, transportation, banking, education, healthcare, tourism, entertainment. |
| Dependency | Directly dependent on natural resources and the environment. | Dependent on the primary and secondary sectors for raw materials and goods. |
| Role in Economy | Forms the base of the economy by supplying raw materials. | Supports and enhances the efficiency of primary and secondary sectors. |
| Geographical Location | Typically located in rural or resource-rich areas. | Commonly found in urban areas where services are in demand. |
Question 4: Distinguish between the followings.
(ii) Subsistence farming and intenstive farming.
Answer 4: Difference between Subsistence Farming and Intensive Farming
| Feature | Subsistence Farming | Intensive Farming |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Farming primarily for self-consumption, where farmers grow food for their families. | Farming aimed at maximizing output from a small land area using high inputs like fertilizers, irrigation, and labor. |
| Scale of Farming | Small-scale farming on small plots of land. | Medium to large-scale farming on small but highly utilized land. |
| Examples | Practiced in rural parts of developing countries like India, Africa, and Latin America. | Common in densely populated regions like China, Japan, and parts of India. |
Question 5: Activity
(i) Collect seeds of wheat, rice, jowar, bajra, ragi, maize, oilseeds and pulses available in the market. Bring them to the class and find out in which type of soil they grow.
Answer 5: self study.
Question 5: Activity
(ii) Find out the difference between the life style of farmers in the USA and India on the basis of pictures collected from magazines, books, newspapers and the Internet.
Answer 5: The lifestyle of an Indian farmer is quite different from that of a farmer in the USA. An Indian farmer does not have much land whereas the average size of a farm in the USA is about 250 hectares. An Indian farmer lives in his house but an American farmer lives in his farm. A farmer in India applies his own experience, and advice of other farmers and elders regarding farming practices.
But a farmer in the USA gets his soil tested in laboratories to assess the nutrients of the soil. An Indian farmer does not know of any technical advancements whereas a farmer in the USA has a computer which is linked to the satellite. In comparison to an Indian farmer, an American farmer is much more advanced in every aspect.