Ncert Solutions for Class 8 Geography Chapter 4: Industries Class 8 questions and answers
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Geography |
| Chapter | Chapter 4 |
| Chapter Name | Industries ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for Class 8 Geography Chapter 4 question answer? Now you can download Industries Class 8 questions and answers pdf from here.
Question 1: Answer the following questions.
(i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
Answer 1: (i) What is meant by the term ‘industry’?
The term ‘industry’ refers to the production of goods or related services within an economy. It involves the processing of raw materials into finished products on a large scale, often using machinery, labor, and technology. Industries can be categorized into various types, such as primary (extraction of natural resources), secondary (manufacturing and processing), and tertiary (services).
(ii) Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
The main factors influencing industrial location include:
- Raw materials – Availability of necessary raw materials.
- Labour – Skilled and unskilled workforce availability.
- Power supply – Electricity, coal, or other energy sources.
- Transport and communication – Good roads, railways, ports, and internet.
- Market – Proximity to consumers to reduce transportation costs.
- Capital – Investment availability for setting up the industry.
- Government policies – Tax benefits, subsidies, and industrial laws.
- Climate – Some industries require specific climatic conditions.
(iii) Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
The iron and steel industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry. This is because it provides the basic materials needed for the construction, machinery, transportation, and manufacturing sectors. Steel is a fundamental component in building infrastructure, vehicles, tools, and equipment, making it essential for the development and growth of other industries. Without the iron and steel industry, the production of most modern goods and infrastructure would not be possible.
Question 2: Distinguish between the following.
(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry
Answer 2: (i) Following are the main differences between agro-based industry and mineral-based industry:
| Agro-Based Industry | Mineral-Based Industry |
| Majorly used raw materials are plants and animal products. | Majorly used raw materials are mineral ores. |
| People in rural regions are involved in this economic activity. | People in both rural and urban regions can both find work here. |
| For instance: the Jute textile industry, silk industry. | For instance: The aluminium industry, copper smelting industry. |
Question 2: Distinguish between the following.
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry
Answer 2: (ii) Following are the main differences between the public sector and joint sector industry:
| Public Sector Industry | Joint Sector Industry |
| The government manages and controls this industry. | The government and individuals or a group of persons jointly administer this industry. |
| For instance: The national thermal power corporation, Coal India. | For instance: Tamil Nadu Fluorine & Allied Chemicals Ltd, Gujarat State Fertilizer Company |
Question 3: Give two examples of the following in the space provided:
(i) Raw Materials: _____________ and _____________________.
(ii) End products: _______________ and _________________________.
(iii) Tertiary Activities: ________________ and __________.
(iv) Agro-based Industries: ____________ and ____________.
(v) Cottage Industries: ___________ and ________________.
(vi) Co-operatives: ______________________ and _____________.
Answer 3: (i) Raw Materials: Iron ore and Cotton.
(ii) End products: Cars and Clothing.
(iii) Tertiary Activities: Banking and Tourism.
(iv) Agro-based Industries: Sugar industry and Textile industry.
(v) Cottage Industries: Handloom weaving and Pottery making.
(vi) Co-operatives: Amul (Dairy co-operative) and Lijjat Papad (Women’s co-operative).