From trade to territory class 8 questions and answers: History class 8 chapter 2 question answer
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | History |
| Chapter | Chapter 2 |
| Chapter Name | From Trade to Territory ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for Class 8 History Chapter 2 question answer? Now you can download From trade to territory class 8 questions and answers pdf from here.
Let’s recall From trade to territory class 8 questions and answers
Question 1: Match the following:
| Diwani | Tipu Sultan |
| “Tiger of Mysore” | right to collect land revenue |
| faujdari adalat | Sepoy |
| Rani Channamma | criminal court |
| sipahi | led an anti-British movement in Kitoor |
Answer 1:
| Diwani | right to collect land revenue |
| “Tiger of Mysore” | Tipu Sultan |
| faujdari adalat | criminal court |
| Rani Channamma | led an anti-British movement in Kitoor |
| sipahi | Sepoy |
Question 2: Fill in the blanks:
(a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of _________.
(b) Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of _________.
(c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of _________.
(d) Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the _________ part of India.
Answer 2: (a) The British conquest of Bengal began with the Battle of Plassey
(b) Haidar Ali and Tipu Sultan were the rulers of Mysore.
(c) Dalhousie implemented the Doctrine of Lapse
(d) Maratha kingdoms were located mainly in the South-western part of India.
Question 3: State whether true or false:
(a) The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century.
(b) The English East India Company was the only European company that traded with India.
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab.
(d) The British did not introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered.
Answer 3: (a) The Mughal empire became stronger in the eighteenth century – False
(b) The English East India Company was the only European company that traded with India – False
(c) Maharaja Ranjit Singh was the ruler of Punjab – True
(d) The British did not introduce administrative changes in the territories they conquered – False
Let’s discuss From trade to territory class 8 questions and answers
Question 4: What attracted European trading companies to India?
Answer 4: European trading companies were drawn to India primarily because it offered access to valuable goods that could be purchased at relatively low costs and sold at higher prices in Europe. India was renowned for its high-quality cotton and silk textiles, which were highly sought after in European markets.
Additionally, India was a major producer of spices such as pepper, cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon, which were in great demand in Europe for culinary, medicinal, and preservative purposes. The potential for substantial profits from these trade goods, combined with India’s well-established trade networks and skilled artisans, made it an attractive destination for European trading companies.
Question 5: What were the areas of conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company?
Answer 5: The conflicts between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company arose due to several reasons: a. Nawabs refused to grant concessions to the East India Company on numerous occasions. b. Nawabs demanded hefty tributes from the company. c. The company refused to pay taxes to the nawabs. d. Company officials wrote disrespectful letters to the nawabs, further escalating tensions.
Question 6: How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East India Company?
Answer 6: On being appointed the Diwan of the provinces of Bengal, the East India Company acquired greater power and authority. It was free to make use of the vast resources of Bengal. Till then, in order to buy goods, it had to import gold and silver from Britain. After the assumption of the Diwani, the Company could use the revenues from Bengal to finance its expenses (which included purchasing cotton and silk textiles in India, maintaining its troops, and building the Company forts and offices at Calcutta).
Question 7: Explain the system of “subsidiary alliance”.
Answer 7: The Subsidiary Alliance was a policy introduced by Lord Wellesley in 1798 to expand British control in India.
- British Protection – Indian rulers had to accept British forces in their territory for protection.
- No Foreign Alliances – The ruler could not form any alliance with other foreign powers.
- British Resident – A British official (Resident) was stationed in the ruler’s court.
- Military Expenses – The ruler had to bear the cost of maintaining British troops.
- Loss of Sovereignty – The ruler could not wage war or negotiate without British approval.
- Territorial Annexation – Failure to pay for British forces led to the annexation of the state.
- Example – Hyderabad was the first state to accept the subsidiary alliance in 1798.
Question 8: In what way was the administration of the Company different from that of Indian rulers?
Answer 8: The difference in the administration of the company and that of the Indian rulers is given below:
| Company Administration | Indian Rulers Administration |
| The company divided the territories into presidencies | Indian rulers divided the territories into district, pargana, tehsil and parishad |
| Governor ruled the administrative units | Zamindar or Peasants were responsible for their units |
| Governor-General was the head of the state | King or Nawab was the head of the state |
| The introduction of several acts:Regulating ActIndian Council ActsMontague-Chelmsford Reforms | Indian rulers brought no such acts but used to rule with their farmans. |
Question 9: Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the Company’s army.
Answer 9: The army of EIC was known as Sepoy Army. The main participants of the army were the peasants of India, trained by the EIC to become professional soldiers. The major change in the EIC army was the domination of infantry over cavalry with the introduction of muskets, matchlocks to guard them. The company also introduced a uniform military culture where soldiers were given European training through drills and other exercises.
Let’s do From trade to territory class 8 questions and answers
Question 10: After the British conquest of Bengal, Calcutta grew from small village to a big city. Find out about the culture, architecture and the life of Europeans and Indians of the city during the colonial period.
Answer 10: The city of Calcutta was the centre of British rule in India and was the capital city of the British. The Europeans lived in highly serviced areas and well-developed cities. The Indians lived in unplanned villages as before.
The culture of Bungalows and Clubs was brought to Calcutta by the Europeans and they played sports such as Golf, Cricket and Racing. The Drama theatres also evolved during this period. The architecture of the newly built structures was influenced from European styles and several buildings had Roman and Gothic appearances.
Question 11: Collect pictures, stories, poems and information about any of the following – the Rani of Jhansi, Mahadji Sindhia, Haidar Ali, Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Lord Dalhousie or any other contemporary ruler of your region.
Answer 11: Rani of Jhansi (Lakshmibai)
- Stories: Famous tales of her bravery, especially how she fought against the British in the Revolt of 1857.
- Poems: The well-known Hindi poem “Khoob Ladi Mardani Woh Toh Jhansi Wali Rani Thi“ by Subhadra Kumari Chauhan.
- Information:
- Born in 1828 as Manikarnika Tambe.
- Married to Gangadhar Rao, the king of Jhansi.
- Fought against the British during the Revolt of 1857.
- Died in 1858 while battling British forces.