Crop Production and Management class 8 questions and answers ncert: Science Class 8 chapter 1 question answer
| Textbook | Ncert |
| Class | Class 8 |
| Subject | Science |
| Chapter | Chapter 1 |
| Chapter Name | Crop Production and Management ncert solutions |
| Category | Ncert Solutions |
| Medium | English |
Are you looking for Class 8 Science chapter 1 question answer? Now you can download ncert solutions for class 8 science chapter 1 pdf from here.
Question 1: Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks. float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a
place is called _____________.
(b) The first step before growing crops is _____________ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would _____________ on top of water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and _____________ and _____________ from the soil are essential.
Answer 1: (a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called the crop.
(b) The first step before growing crops is the preparation of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of the water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential.
Question 2: Match items in column A with those in column B.
| A | B |
| (i) Kharif crops | (a) Food for cattle |
| (ii) Rabi crops | (b) Urea and superphosphate |
| (iii) Chemical fertilisers | (c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine and plant waste |
| (iv) Organic manure | (d) Wheat, gram, pea |
| (e) Paddy and maize |
Answer 2:
| i) Kharif crops | (e) Paddy and maize |
| (ii) Rabi crops | (d) Wheat, gram, pea |
| (iii) Chemical fertilisers | (b) Urea and superphosphate |
| (iv) Organic manure | (c) Animal excreta, cow dung urine and plant wastes |
Question 3: Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop
Answer 3: (a) Kharif crop: Paddy and maize
(b) Rabi crop: Wheat and gram
Question 4: Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.
(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing
Answer 4: (a) Preparation of Soil
Soil preparation is the first step in farming, where the land is made ready for sowing seeds. It involves plowing to loosen the soil, which helps roots penetrate deeply and absorb nutrients effectively. This is followed by leveling to ensure even distribution of water. Sometimes, organic manure or fertilizers are added to improve soil fertility. Proper soil preparation enhances crop growth and yield.
(b) Sowing
Sowing is the process of planting seeds in prepared soil. It can be done manually by broadcasting seeds or using seed drills for uniform distribution. Farmers must choose high-quality seeds suited to the climate and soil conditions. The depth and spacing of seeds are important to ensure healthy plant growth. Proper sowing leads to better germination and a good harvest.
(c) Weeding
Weeding is the removal of unwanted plants, called weeds, that compete with crops for nutrients, water, and sunlight. Weeds can hinder crop growth and reduce yield. Farmers remove weeds manually using tools like a hoe or mechanically using weedicides. Regular weeding ensures healthier crops and better productivity.
(d) Threshing
Threshing is the process of separating grains from harvested plants. It is done after the crops are cut and dried. Traditionally, farmers used animals or wooden sticks for threshing, but now machines like threshers and combine harvesters make the process faster and more efficient. Proper threshing ensures clean grains, ready for storage or sale.
Question 5: Explain how fertilisers are different from manure.
Answer 5:
| Feature | Fertilizers | Manure |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Fertilizers are chemical or organic substances that provide specific nutrients to plants. | Manure is a natural substance made from decomposed animal waste and plant residues. |
| Nutrient Content | Rich in specific nutrients like nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). | Contains a variety of nutrients but in lower concentrations. |
| Preparation | Manufactured in factories using chemical processes. | Naturally prepared by decomposition of organic matter. |
| Effect on Soil | Provides immediate nutrients but may reduce soil fertility over time. | Improves soil texture and fertility in the long run. |
| Environmental Impact | Can cause pollution and soil degradation if overused. | Environmentally friendly and sustainable. |
| Cost | Expensive due to industrial production. | Cheaper and easily available. |
| Usage | Used for quick growth and high crop yield. | Improves soil health gradually and supports sustainable farming. |
Question 6: What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.
Answer 6: Irrigation is the process of supplying water to crops at regular intervals for their growth. It is essential in areas with low rainfall to ensure proper hydration of plants. Efficient irrigation methods help in conserving water and improving crop yield.
Two water-conserving irrigation methods are:
- Drip Irrigation – In this method, water is directly delivered to the roots of plants through small pipes with drippers. It minimizes water wastage by preventing evaporation and runoff, making it ideal for dry regions.
- Sprinkler Irrigation – This method uses rotating nozzles to spray water like rainfall over crops. It helps distribute water evenly, reduces water loss, and is effective for large fields with uneven land.
Question 7: If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Answer 7: Wheat crops may get destroyed if sown in the Kharif season because of unfavourable temperatures, pests and adaptable conditions for the plants to grow. Kharif comes during the rainy season; hence it is not a wise idea to grow wheat in the Kharif season.
Question 8: Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Answer 8: Continuous plantation of crops makes the soil poorer in certain nutrients as the crops take up nutrients from the soil. The soil becomes infertile. It does not get enough time to replenish the nutrients.
Question 9: What are weeds? How can we control them?
Answer 9: Weeds are unwanted plants that grow alongside crops and compete with them for nutrients, water, sunlight, and space. They can reduce crop yield, affect plant growth, and sometimes even harbor pests and diseases. Common examples of weeds include wild grass, amaranthus, and parthenium.
Weeds can be controlled using different methods. Manual weeding involves uprooting them by hand or using simple tools like a hoe. Chemical control involves spraying weedicides, which kill weeds without harming crops. Another method is crop rotation, where different crops are grown in succession to prevent weed growth. Mulching, which involves covering the soil with straw or plastic, also helps in weed control. Regular weeding ensures healthier crops and better agricultural productivity.
Question 10: Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Answer 10:
Question 11: Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.
Answer 11:
