What is Engineering? ( DEFINITION AND TYPES , All About Of Engineering)

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What is Engineering?

Definition of Engineering :- In simple terms, engineers identify a problem and come up with a solution, often creating something completely new in the process. As an engineer, you might develop the next generation of iPhone, improve a medical device that will help doctors diagnose an illness, create a spacecraft that will carry humans to Mars, or construct a system to bring clean water to an underdeveloped region. 

Using the foundations of math and science, engineers apply what they know to real-world problems that have not yet been solved. Engineering is a natural fit for children because they are born problem solvers and are curious about the world around them. Engineering also encourages students to see how math and science can be relevant to their lives by applying it to authentic problems.

Engineering uses maths, science – especially physics – and subjects such as D&T, computing, electronics and construction, to improve the world around us.

WHAT TYPES OF JOBS DO ENGINEERS DO? 

Engineers are EVERYWHERE! Some work in large corporations, while others own firms. Engineers are employed at places such as manufacturing plants, hospitals, research labs, construction sites and government agencies. Engineers can be consultants, designers, project managers, product developers and product managers.

What choices do I have in Engineering? 

The field of engineering is diverse. Careers in bio-medicine, water resource management, environmental engineering, and computing systems are just some of the areas students go following graduation. Students typically choose what program they want to enter completing their first year. It is important to take time to get to know people in your classes, meet professors and technicians, allow yourself to be exposed to all engineering disciplines before making your decision.

Types of Work in Engineering

  • Consulting
  • Design 
  • Development 
  • Teaching 
  • Manufacturing 
  • Testing 
  • Modelling
  • Planning 
  • Production 
  • Research 
  • Sales 
  • Prototyping 
  • Maintenance 
  • Analysis

How many types of Engineering

Types of Engineering :-

  • Civil Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineers 
  • Biosystems Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering 
  • Computer Engineering
  • Software Engineers
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Mechatronic Engineering
  • Mining Engineering
  • Aerospace Engineering 
  • Nuclear Engineering 
  • Environmental Engineering 
  • Marine Engineering

1. Civil Engineering

Civil engineering is all about creating beautiful and sustainable infrastructure that can protect and improve our environment, while also meeting the needs of society. 

Students in civil engineering learn about the development and construction of important things we often take for granted such as roads, buildings, drinking water, and waste management. 

Civil engineers work on everything from building bridges, roads and harbours to dams, airports, utility t supply and public health.

2. Mechanical Engineers 

Mechanical Engineering is a broad and diversified discipline concerned with the application of the fundamental principles and laws of nature to the conception, design, manufacturing and operation of all kinds of mechanical devices and systems. 

Mechanical engineers use the principles of mechanics, material science and energy to design machines and processes.

From artificial hearts to the world’s largest power stations, mechanical engineering involves anything and everything with moving parts.

3. Biosystems Engineering

Biosystems Engineering emphasizes the application of engineering principles to environmental, biomedical, and biologically-based systems. 

Biosystems engineers help create new technologies for the well-being of humans and animals and the preservation and enhancement of natural resources and the environment.

4. Electrical Engineering 

Electrical Engineering involves the creation, development, testing, and improvement of electronics, such as televisions, computers, smartphones, and next-generation electric automobiles. 

Electrical engineers design the electrical energy systems that deliver electricity to homes, antenna systems that are used for communications, electronics in automobiles and aircraft, and construct nanotechnology devices.

From the microchips in your smart phone to the power station generators that run our cities, it’s hard to imagine our lives without the impact of electrical engineering.

5. Computer Engineering

Computer Engineering involves the design, production, and operation of computer systems, including digital systems, operating systems, computer networks and controls. 

Many computer engineers work in robotics, microprocessor and firmware design, as well as software engineering, digital signal processing, medical imaging, and data processing.

6. Software Engineers

As our society becomes increasingly reliant on technology and computers become integrated into machines and products, one of our biggest challenges is creating the necessary software to make computers useful. Software engineers are tackling many modern challenges associated with computers, including novel things like developing lens-free cameras and spray-on touch screens.

7. Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering is all about developing processes that turn raw materials into useful, everyday products – with minimal environmental impact. Many of the items chemical engineers have produced we take for granted, such as the food and drinks we enjoy, to the clothes we wear and the energy we use.

8. Mechatronic Engineering

Mechatronic engineering integrates mechanical engineering with electronics, computer systems and controls in order to design and construct advanced products and processes. The results are machines such as artificial intelligence systems, robotics, automated industrial machinery and avionics that will pave the way of the future.

9. Mining Engineering

Mining is essential to the modern lifecycle. Mining engineers extract minerals to create the products we use every day. As a mining engineer you may be given the opportunity to use some of the most cutting-edge technology available due to the industry being highly automated and capital intensive.

10.  Aerospace Engineering 

As a specialised branch of mechanical and electrical engineering, aerospace engineering focuses on the design, manufacture and testing of aircraft and spacecraft, including all parts and components . Covering everything from vehicle aerodynamics and efficiencies to electrical control and navigation systems, much of the expertise is also used for other vehicles, such as cars. 

11. Nuclear Engineering 

Nuclear engineers work on the design, manufacture, construction, operation, and testing of the equipment, systems and processes for the production and control of nuclear power. From nuclear power plant reactors to particle accelerators, nuclear engineers also work on factors such as monitoring and the storage of nuclear waste in order to protect people from potentially harmful situations.

12. Environmental Engineering 

Environmental engineers are concerned with the prevention, removal and elimination of sources of pollution that affect the environment. Measuring pollution levels, determining sources of pollution and cleaning up polluted areas, these engineers need to work in compliance with government regulations. 

13. Marine Engineering 

Marine engineering is related to any engineering tasks on or near the oceans. This includes design and development for shipping, submarines, oil gs, on-board, harbours, and more. This specialised area of engineering combines other types of engineering, including mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, and programming.

Why Engineering is Important

Every industry needs engineers

Film and TV production companies need more than just sound and lighting engineers; they hire civil engineers for set design, chemical and mining engineers for explosions and software engineers for computer-generated imagery.

From studying how the dimples on a golf ball affect aerodynamics, to making racing bicycles super light; engineers are essential to the modern athlete.

 Note :- Did you know that Tiffany Beers, Senior Innovator for Nike, graduated with a plastics engineering degree and was the brains behind the self-lacing shoes first depicted in the ‘Back to the Future’ movies? 

We have chemical and materials engineers to thank for converting raw resources into our favourite foods and for ensuring their safe, sustainable packaging and production. 

Engineers are essential to law and order. Software and mechatronics engineers are developing tools, such as face recognition and motion detector cameras, to prevent local crime, illegal wildlife trade and terrorism.

The mining industry is being made safer thanks to driverless vehicles, which are able to automatically move commodities such as iron ore around mining sites. Not only is this reducing risks, it’s also reducing operating costs.

Engineers are essential to our health, happiness and sustainability

Engineers are responsible for providing our current energy sources, as well as the development of sustainable energy sources such as tidal, solar and wind energy that will power future cities and help reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

Through water sanitation and wastewater removal, civil and environmental engineers are as critical to our health as doctors. According to the World Health Organisation, half of the world’s hospital beds are filled with people with water-borne illnesses. In underdeveloped countries, the number is closer to 80 per cent.

Many people attribute computers, WiFi and smart devices to electrical, software and mechanical engineers, but mining engineers ensure that the 20-30 metals and minerals needed within these devices are available to the manufacturers.

What’s in it for you?

Engineers at all levels have the potential to earn a great wage and have a fantastic career. 

People who graduate from university with engineering and technology degrees earn approximately 10% more per year than the average salary for all graduates and can expect to earn significantly more over their lifetime than graduates from most other subjects. 

Engineering employers tend to pay a great deal more than the national minimum apprentice wage.

What’s more, the chances of finding and staying in employment are really good. Emerging fields like space and satellite technology, medical engineering, advanced manufacturing and design consultancy along with ‘green’ jobs in renewable energy, alternative fuels, low carbon economy and new nuclear energy mean that the future is very bright for engineers. 

The ability to think creatively and solve practical problems – along with other skills such as team-work, leading projects, managing budgets and communicating – makes engineers highly employable across lots of industries.

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